Statistics on the Gemini space

This page presents some statistics on the current state of the Gemini space. It has been updated on 2024-05-18 03:04:00Z.

It cannot claim to represent the entire space. The real number of URIs is certainly higher. There are several reasons why many URIs are not in the database:

the capsule may forbid retrieval, through robots.txt,
we do not know all the URIs and some cannot be found from the ones we know,
Lupa has a maximum number of URIs per capsule, to save resources (currently 10000).

On this page, "working" means there was a successful connection recently. "recently" means "less than 31 days". "Dead" URLs and capsules are removed after 46 days and no longer appear in any statistics.

Currently, our database includes 614,296 URIs, 501,464 of them having been checked successfully (status code 20) and recently. Among the recently accessed, 384,183 URIs serve a Gemini content.

Resources

The average size of the resources is 60,059 bytes.

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Quantiles

10% of the resources are 251 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 500 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 834 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 1,376 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 2,501 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 4,539 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 6,841 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 15,235 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 81,810 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

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# Quantiles only for Gemini pages

10% of the resources are 225 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 387 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 685 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 953 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 1,543 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 2,629 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 4,515 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 6,223 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 10,863 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

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Ranges

Less than 10 bytes: 3297 URLs (0.66 %)
10 to 100 bytes: 13165 URLs (2.6 %)
100 to 1000 bytes: 154066 URLs (30.7 %)
1 to 10 kbytes: 211658 URLs (42.2 %)
10 to 100 kbytes: 72844 URLs (14.5 %)
100 to 1000 kbytes: 28497 URLs (5.7 %)
More than 1000 kbytes: 17937 URLs (3.58 %)

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Most common media (MIME) types

text/gemini: 384,183 URLs
image/jpeg: 24,231 URLs
text/plain: 23,508 URLs
image/png: 22,871 URLs
application/octet-stream: 15,008 URLs
application/pdf: 11,972 URLs
application/zip: 2,701 URLs
image/svg+xml: 2,672 URLs
image/gif: 1,884 URLs
audio/mpeg: 1,407 URLs
text/xml: 1,209 URLs
text/x-diff: 873 URLs
text/x-go: 858 URLs
text/html: 752 URLs
application/json: 682 URLs
text/markdown: 680 URLs
application/atom+xml: 661 URLs
application/javascript: 573 URLs
image/webp: 481 URLs
audio/ogg: 338 URLs

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Most common languages

Unspecified: 374,479 URLs
en: 93,048 URLs
de: 11,783 URLs
it: 7,216 URLs
fr: 6,689 URLs
es: 2,701 URLs
es_ar: 1,170 URLs
fa: 1,020 URLs
arb: 562 URLs
ja: 562 URLs
ru: 560 URLs
en_gb: 362 URLs
en_us: 211 URLs
en_au: 207 URLs
grc: 203 URLs
he: 142 URLs
pl: 98 URLs
eo: 84 URLs
sv: 72 URLs
gl: 52 URLs

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Most common encodings ("charsets") for all files

(Remember there exists testing capsules, with very exotic encodings, so don't be surprised by some strange ones.)

Unspecified: 425,501 URLs
utf-8: 75,666 URLs
binary: 205 URLs
us-ascii: 82 URLs
gzip: 5 URLs
xz: 2 URLs
bzip2: 2 URLs
iso-8859-1: 1 URLs

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Most common encodings for gemtext files only

Unspecified: 318,975 URLs
utf-8: 65,207 URLs
iso-8859-1: 1 URLs

By the way, 1,616 of recently tested URLs (0.274 %) have a wrong encoding (it does not match the actual content).

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Status codes

(Remember there are test capsules with funny status codes, to exercice Gemini clients.)

20 (Success): 501,464 occurrences (91.09 %)
51 (Not found): 19,734 occurrences (3.58 %)
10 (Input request): 12,501 occurrences (2.27 %)
60 (Client certificate request): 5,804 occurrences (1.05 %)
40 (Temporary failure): 5,065 occurrences (0.92 %)
30 (Temporary redirect): 4,362 occurrences (0.79 %)
42 (CGI error): 898 occurrences (0.16 %)
31 (Permanent redirect): 297 occurrences (0.05 %)
44 (Slow down): 134 occurrences (0.02 %)
59 (Bad request): 90 occurrences (0.02 %)
50 (Permanent failure): 74 occurrences (0.01 %)
53 (Proxy request refused): 68 occurrences (0.01 %)

Links

(We count only backlinks from external capsules, and at most one link per capsule. Also, we exclude links from capsules like search engines or directories.)

Maximum number of incoming links: 302

Average number of incoming links: 0.26

Capsules

There are 3749 capsules. We successfully connected recently to 2754 of them.

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Most common capsules by number of working URLs

We have a limit of 10000 URLs per capsule.

musicbrainz.uploadedlobster.com: 9976 URLs
1436.ninja: 9965 URLs
scholasticdiversity.us.to: 9910 URLs
tjp.lol: 9844 URLs
gemini.omarpolo.com: 9745 URLs
gemini.conman.org: 9744 URLs
taz.de: 9741 URLs
oracular.space: 9739 URLs
gemini.techrights.org: 9718 URLs
kvazar.duckdns.org: 9706 URLs
gemini.tuxmachines.org: 9686 URLs
gemlog.stargrave.org: 9678 URLs
caiofior.pollux.casa: 9673 URLs
gemini.autonomy.earth: 9666 URLs
gmi.noulin.net: 9601 URLs
bbs.geminispace.org: 9579 URLs
hoagie.space: 9576 URLs
gemini.knusbaum.com: 9486 URLs
mirrors.apple2.org.za: 9398 URLs
midnight.pub: 9397 URLs

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Most common capsules by number of bytes in working URLs

We have a limit of bytes per URL.

=>Not properly documented yet

1436.ninja: 9569.6 megabytes
mirrors.apple2.org.za: 2642.8 megabytes
nytpu.com: 1347.9 megabytes
uscoffings.net: 899.0 megabytes
gem.librehacker.com: 869.5 megabytes
gael.mooo.com: 729.7 megabytes
librehacker.com: 723.0 megabytes
jpfox.fr: 609.3 megabytes
yam655.com: 579.9 megabytes
dfdn.info: 554.7 megabytes
hoagie.space: 480.6 megabytes
gemini.omarpolo.com: 376.7 megabytes
mikelynch.org: 365.0 megabytes
si3t.ch: 335.3 megabytes
library.inu.red: 300.0 megabytes
ecs.d2evs.net: 294.8 megabytes
tweek.zyxxyz.eu: 286.0 megabytes
canary.city: 239.2 megabytes
gemi.dev: 209.0 megabytes
going-flying.com: 187.2 megabytes
shit.cx: 178.9 megabytes

All working capsules:

=>As a text file

=>As a gemtext, with links

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Certificates

2489 (90.4 %) capsules are self-signed, 210 (7.6 %) use the Certificate Authority Let's Encrypt, 55 (2.0 %) are signed by another CA (may be not a trusted one).

74 capsules (2.70 %) have an expired certificate.

Algorithms:

ecdsa-with-SHA256: 1736 capsules
sha256WithRSAEncryption: 990 capsules
ED25519: 18 capsules
sha512WithRSAEncryption: 5 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA512: 3 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA384: 1 capsules
sha384WithRSAEncryption: 1 capsules

Key types:

ECDSA: 1788 capsules
RSA: 948 capsules
ED25519: 18 capsules

Key sizes for RSA:

2048: 667 capsules
4096: 271 capsules
3072: 7 capsules
1024: 3 capsules

Key sizes for ECDSA:

256: 1724 capsules
384: 63 capsules
521: 1 capsules

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TLS

98 % of the capsules use TLS 1.3, 2 % use TLS 1.2.

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robots.txt

272 (10 %) the capsules have a robots.txt exclusion file.

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Ports

18 working capsules (0.7 %) use an alternative port

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Addresses

1186 IP addresses used. 18 % are IPv6.

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# Addresses with most virtual hosts

173.230.145.243: 866 vhosts
68.133.1.71: 411 vhosts
213.219.38.200: 252 vhosts
46.23.81.157: 115 vhosts
2a03:6000:1813:1337::157: 89 vhosts
90.65.170.44: 31 vhosts
109.237.26.252: 31 vhosts
45.56.93.217: 19 vhosts
128.140.115.191: 11 vhosts
51.222.161.16: 9 vhosts
212.71.248.87: 9 vhosts
2a03:6000:6f67:624::99: 8 vhosts
81.187.234.86: 8 vhosts
2a01:4f8:c17:20f1::42: 8 vhosts
23.88.35.144: 8 vhosts
46.23.94.99: 8 vhosts
174.138.124.169: 8 vhosts
85.208.51.149: 7 vhosts
64.226.23.78: 6 vhosts
66.175.211.51: 6 vhosts

TLDs

There are 252 TLDs in the capsule's names, and 1822 registered domains.

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Most common TLDs

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# By number of registered domains

com: 288 domains
net: 154 domains
org: 151 domains
xyz: 116 domains
space: 88 domains
site: 59 domains
de: 54 domains
dev: 51 domains
me: 45 domains
eu: 34 domains
fr: 29 domains
uk: 27 domains
info: 27 domains
io: 26 domains
club: 22 domains
ca: 16 domains
online: 16 domains
se: 15 domains
ru: 15 domains
cc: 15 domains

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# By number of capsules

(There's a strong bias towards TLDs which have hosting services such as flounder.online, which has many capsules in subdomains. See before the TLDs per registered domains, which are probably more useful.)